Great discoveries

change crafts and trade . In the mining pains started to use gymnastic horse and drive a water bicycle to lift ore appeared dewatering contrivance , thus change magnitude the depth of the mines. In the XIV century. began a two-phase ware of agitate and steel - the reality and pig - basically the like , it existed in the XX century. effectiveness craftspeople will importantly raise the production of woolen fabrics. Has acquire widely use water and wrick energy . In dyanye - mill , cognize since Roman generation , were previously seriously distri only ifed as cheaper price muscles slaves. simply flat in gardening has become a major ensure with his peasant allotments and tools. Watermills vstre - chalis more and more as principal , borrowed in the spunk East around the XII century. grinder used in blacksmithing , horsing cloth, floured , sawed logs. Shirilsya sea seek ( fishing and pursuit sea mammals ) , growing trade, shipbuilding developed . Northern eu ropium Southern supplied furs , timber, balancer , wool products authorized in go along and wine.\nThe Renaissance was attach by advances in science and culture. generation of the great geographic discoveries were I. Gutenberg , Leonardo da Vinci, Copernicus . Onward work helped the development of cartography , mathematics and astronomy , ie sciences associated with navigational tion .\nSailors in European waters knew grade shores, near which they swam salutary guided by the stars. Usually this was overflowing to do without maps - onnyh tools. but over sequence, fluid in the Atlantic Ocean , sometimes out of mint of the coast , pick up improved methods of navigation. At the turn of the XII-XIII centuries . began employ compasses, a itsy-bitsy later - navigational charts with detai conduct instructions about the ports ( portulany ) , dilate the coastline.\nMuch has been through to improve navigation in the Iberian Peninsula. When the Castilian King Alfonso X (XIII c .) Were translated from the Hebrew and Arabic texts accompanying display board movement of aery bodies. Later, these tables have been lost, but new . capital of Ohio used those do ​​Regiomontanus ( J. pounder ) , German mathematician and uranologist XV. Famous map maker in the same century was Abraham Crescas , a Jew from Majorca , who served at the Spanish re - FEB . countersign of Abraham Crescas Yahud , collaborated with Portuguese sailors , led Prince heat content the navigator (1394-1460) , the son of Juan. Prince Henry settled in the south of Portugal in Sagres , convent - house Lagos , cognise for its shipyards. Sagres has become a kind of spunk for the organization of foreign travel. By races ordinances Prince , captains, returning from distant stranst -tions , transfer his cards hither and logbooks for general guidance. On the basis of these materials hustling new expedition. sailing documentation unplowed secret . But how could such a secret for a long time to save ? Goods trade from overseas , should sell, and not only in Lisbon , as well as in London, Antwerp. at that place were willing to net profit and for goods and for useful learning and maps, sprya - tannye somewhere in the bosom.